NLRP3
NLRP3 (NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3) is a cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor that functions as the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, enabling innate immune cells to detect microbial motifs, endogenous danger signals, and environmental irritants[1]. Upon activation, NLRP3 oligomerizes and recruits the adaptor ASC and pro-caspase-1, leading to inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 activation, and subsequent maturation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 as well as gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis[1][2]. Mechanistically, canonical NLRP3 activation requires a priming step that enhances NLRP3 and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, followed by an activation step triggered by diverse stimuli including extracellular ATP, microbial toxins, silica particles, and monosodium urate crystals[2]. Through these signaling processes, NLRP3 regulates inflammation, host defense, and immune homeostasis, while excessive activation promotes pathological inflammatory responses[1][3]. Dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity has been implicated in autoinflammatory syndromes, gout, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and other inflammation-associated conditions[1][3][4]. Compared with other inflammasome-forming NOD-like receptors such as NLRP1 and NLRC4, NLRP3 is distinguished by its ability to respond to an exceptionally broad spectrum of pathogen-associated and danger-associated signals rather than a limited set of ligands[1][4]. For experimental applications, selective NLRP3 inhibitors such as MCC950 suppress inflammasome assembly by targeting the NACHT domain and are widely used to investigate NLRP3-dependent inflammatory mechanisms in preclinical disease models[4].
References:
- [1]. Swanson KV, et al. The NLRP3 inflammasome: molecular activation and regulation to therapeutics. Nat Rev Immunol. 2019 Aug;19(8):477-489. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Shin HJ, et al. Molecular mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Exp Mol Med. 2026 Mar;58(3):650-663. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Chen Y, et al. The NLRP3 inflammasome: contributions to inflammation-related diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2023 Jun 27;28(1):51. [Content Brief]
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NLRP3 Related Products (231)
Related Products (231)
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Recombinant Proteins (1)
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Antibodies (1)
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ATP-13C10 dilithium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B2176S6Purity: 99.97%Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-13C10 dilithiumATP-13C10 (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-ATP-13C10) dilithium is the 13C10-labeled ATP (HY-B2176). ATP is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.
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Plantainoside D
0 ImagesPlantainoside D, a phenylethanoid glycosides, is a IKK-β inhibitor with diverse biological activities. Plantainoside D shows inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with an IC50 of 2.17 mM. Plantainoside D significantly reduces the release of glutamate from nerve terminals in the cerebral cortex of rats by inhibiting the voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCCs) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling cascade. Plantainoside D significantly alleviates cell apoptosis by inhibiting the generation of ROS and the activation of NF-κB. Plantainoside D significantly improves acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis by regulating the Sirt3/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Plantainoside D can be used for the study of neuroprotection, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antihypertension.
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NK7-902 diTFA
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-173154BPurity: 99.88%NK7-902 diTFA is a selective and orally active CRBN-dependent NEK7 molecular glue degrader with Kd values of 1.5 and 2.6 μM for hNEK7 and mNEK7. NK7-902 diTFA fully degrades NEK7 in human primary monocytes and whole blood but only partially inhibits NLRP3-dependent IL-1β production. NK7-902 diTFA shows activity in murine systems and induces a profound and long-lasting NEK7 degradation but only transiently blocks NLRP3 inflammasome activation. NK7-902 diTFA can be used for the research of inflammation, such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes.
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Tomaralimab
0 ImagesSynonyms: OPN-305Tomaralimab (OPN-305) is a humanized anti-TLR2 IgG4 monoclonal antibody. Tomaralimab inhibits TLR2, MyD88, NLRP3, and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) production. Tomaralimab reduces tau pathology. Tomaralimab improves cognition, atopic dermatitis. Tomaralimab has anticancer effects on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Tomaralimab is being studied in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), atopic dermatitis, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, Alzheimer's disease, and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Epimedin A
0 ImagesEpimedin A, one of the main flavonoid active components in Herba Epimedii, is orally active. Epimedin A can inhibit osteoclastogenesis, differentiation, and bone resorption. Epimedin A also possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Epimedin A can be used in the research of osteoporosis and inflammatory diseases.
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ATP-15N5 dilithium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B2176S5Purity: 99.99%Synonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-15N5 dilithiumATP-15N5 (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-ATP-15N5) dilithium is the 15N5-labeled ATP (HY-B2176). ATP is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.
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Arglabin
0 ImagesSynonyms: (+)-ArglabinArglabin ((+)-Arglabin), a natural product isolated from Artemisia glabella, is a NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. Arglabin shows anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. The antitumor activity of Arglabin proceeds through its inhibition of farnesyl transferase which leads to the activation of RAS proto-oncogene.
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Xelafaslatide
0 ImagesSynonyms: ONL-1204Xelafaslatide (ONL-1204) is a Fas receptor antagonist. Xelafaslatide blocks the Fas receptor signaling pathway and inhibits downstream apoptosis and inflammatory pathways. Xelafaslatide suppresses neuroinflammation and microglial activation in glaucoma models, protects retinal ganglion cells and prevents axonal degeneration. Xelafaslatide is applicable to relevant research on glaucoma.
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JC2-11
0 ImagesJC2-11 is an inhibitor of inflammatory corpuscles. JC2-11 inhibits domain-containing protein NLRC 4, absent in melanoma 2 (AIM 2) and non-canonical (NC) inflammatory corpuscles. JC2-11 reduces the secretion of caspase-1 (p20), the cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD), and the releases of IL-1β and lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) in inflammatory bodies. JC2-11 inhibits the activation of inflammatory bodies by destroying the production of reactive oxygen species and the activity of caspase-1.
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Maresin 2
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-119684CAS No.: 1639809-46-3Maresin 2 is an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediator. Maresin 2 drives intestinal epithelial cell migration by activating the focal cell-matrix adhesion signaling pathway in primary human intestinal epithelial cells, thereby promoting mucosal wound repair. Maresin 2 alleviates nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors in rats with type 1 diabetes by inhibiting IL-1β in the spinal cord and prefrontal cortex. Maresin 2 attenuates allergic airway inflammation in mice by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, Th2-type immune responses, and oxidative stress. Maresin 2 inhibits inflammatory and neuropathic trigeminal neuralgia and reduces neuronal activation in the trigeminal ganglion. Maresin 2 promotes inflammation resolution and mucosal repair after DSS-induced colitis or biopsy-induced colonic mucosal injury.
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MNS
0 ImagesMNS (NSC 170724), the beta-nitrostyrene derivative, is an orally active tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a broad-spectrum antiplatelet agent, and a PANoptosis inhibitor. MNS inhibits Src, Syk, and FAK with IC50 of 27.3, 2.8, and 97.6 μM, respectively. MNS inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome and β1 integrin. MNS completely inhibits U46619, ADP-, arachidonic acid-, collagen-, and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 2.1, 4.1, 5.8, 7.0, and 12.7 μM, respectively. MNS is cytotoxic to a variety of cells.
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L6H21
0 ImagesL6H21, a Chalcone (HY-121054) derivative, is an orally active, potent and specific myeloid differentiation 2 (MD-2) inhibitor. L6H21 directly binds to MD-2 protein with a high affinity and low KD value of 33.3 μM, blocking the formation of the LPS-TLR4/MD-2 complex. L6H21 inhibits LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 6.58 and 8.59 μM, respectively. L6H21 can be used for alcoholic liver disease, metabolic disturbance and neuroinflammation research.
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Icariside I
0 ImagesSynonyms: Icarisid IIcariside I (GH01) is an orally active metabolite of icalin. Icariside I improves estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by simultaneously regulating osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. Icariside I promotes ATP (HY-B2176) or Nigericin (HY-127019)-induced mtROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and causes idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. Icariside I does not alter the activation of NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes. Icariside I inhibits breast cancer proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis by targeting the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Icariside I is a kynurenine-AhR pathway inhibitor that alleviates cancer by blocking tumor immune escape.
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ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade
0 ImagesSynonyms: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR GradeATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.
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Maackiain
0 ImagesSynonyms: DL-MaackiainMaackiain (DL-Maackiain) is an orally active multi-target inhibitor with anti-tumor activity and neuroprotective effects. Maackiain activates the AMPK, NLRP3 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, and inhibits key targets such as NF-κB, mTOR, MAO-B, NFATc1 and PKCδ, thereby precisely regulating processes including apoptosis, autophagy and pyroptosis. Maackiain also effectively inhibits microglial activation, osteoclast formation, and proliferation and invasion of tumor cells, and protects dopaminergic neurons from damage. Maackiain is applicable to the research of various diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis, sepsis and dengue fever。
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Oxidized ATP trisodium salt
0 ImagesSynonyms: oATP trisodium saltOxidized ATP (oATP) trisodium salt is a broad-spectrum P2 receptor inhibitor. Oxidized ATP trisodium salt irreversibly antagonizes P2X7R activation. Oxidized ATP trisodium salt inhibits c-reactive protein (CRP)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Oxidized ATP trisodium salt can be used for research of atherosclerosis.
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Tabersonine
0 ImagesTabersonine is a selective, orally active NLRP3 inhibitor. Tabersonine directly binds to the NACHT domain of NLRP3, inhibiting its ATPase activity and oligomerization, thereby blocking ASC spot formation and caspase-1 activation, and reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β. Tabersonine also inhibits K63-linked ubiquitination of TRAF6, blocking NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Tabersonine can inhibit inflammatory responses, induce apoptosis of liver cancer cells through mitochondrial pathways and death receptor pathways, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, promote cytochrome c release, and activate caspase proteins. Tabersonine is mainly used in the study of NLRP3-driven inflammatory diseases (such as acute lung injury, sepsis, peritonitis) and tumors such as liver cancer.
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ML345
0 ImagesML345 is a potent and selective inhibitor of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and NLRP3, with an IC50 of 188 nM against IDE. ML345 targets the Cys819 residue of IDE to inhibit IDE. ML345 selectively binds to NLRP3 in a non-covalent manner. ML345 inhibits inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) and exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity. ML345 exerts a protective effect against miscarriage.
